Ndhlovu, Reward Register (1927–2000)

The history of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Zimbabwe would be incomplete if it did not include the contribution made by Reward Register Ndhlovu, or R.R., as he was affectionately called. Reward Register Ndhlovu was a prominent Zimbabwean Seventh-day Adventist pastor, evangelist, and church administrator.

His Early Life (1927–1948)

Reward Register Ndhlovu was born on April 27, 1927, at Ncema Village, Essexvale (now called Esigodini), in Matabeleland, about 42 kilometers (26 miles) south of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. He was the thirdborn son of Register Ndhlovu. His name and those of his eight siblings (seven boys and two girls) share a common theme— the second coming of Christ. From the firstborn to the ninth, the names were as follows:¹

“Signs,” of the coming of Christ.
“Promise,” of the Master’s soon return.
“Reward,” that Jesus gives to every saint.
“Message,” to be preached to the whole world before Jesus comes.
“Waiting,” for Jesus to come.
“Grace,” a girl— reminds one that the grace of God saves sinners.
“Winning,” the second girl— promotes soul winning for Christ.
“Cometh,” He (Jesus) is coming.
“Remnant,” those who keep the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus.

While still at a very tender age, R. R. Ndhlovu got used to what is commonly called the Advent Movement lifestyle. From Hanke Seventh-day Adventist Mission in central Zimbabwe, where his father began his teaching career, he moved with the family to various districts that included Mhondoro, near Kadoma town; Kezi, 101 kilometers (63 miles) south of Bulawayo; Kanye, 86 kilometers (53 miles) west of Gaborone, in Botswana (where his mother was born); and Gunde, near the town of Kwe Kwe in Zimbabwe (where his father finally retired).²

Growing up as a pastor’s child made R.R. to go through trying experiences. One such experience occurred when his father was transferred from Mhondoro to Kezi, a distance of about 450 kilometers (280 miles). R.R. sat on top of the family’s luggage that had been loaded on a donkey-drawn scotch cart, with a hired servant driving the donkey.  Along the way the servant took R.R. off the cart and made him to walk and drive the donkeys while he sat on the cart where the lad had been sitting. By the time they arrived at Kezi, R.R.’s legs were swollen and heavy. The pain he felt took a long time to heal.³

R.R. started school at Hanke Mission. His sub-A (preschool) teacher was Sabada Nyamazana (the first female teacher or mistress at Hanke Mission). As the years rolled on, his father’s job transfers forced him to change schools every two to three years. From Hanke the family moved to Gunde, Mhondoro, and Kezi primary schools. From Kezi the family was transferred to Solusi Mission, 50 kilometers (31 miles) southwest of Bulawayo, where R.R. completed his upper primary education up to standard 6 (grade 7).⁴

Career, Marriage, and Call to Ministry (1948–1970)

In January 1948 R.R. entered denominational employment as a teacher at Tsholotsho Seventh-day Adventist Primary School, about 116 kilometers (72 miles) west of Bulawayo.⁵ A few years later he met Daisy Mpofu at a camp meeting in Gunde. She had just completed standard 6 at Nyazura Adventist Mission, 207 kilometers (128 miles) east of Harare, the capital city of Zimbabwe. The two fell in love and got married in 1955. According to Daisy, since they had first met at a camp meeting, they decided to have their wedding at another camp meeting in Lower Gweru on July 12, 1955. S. B. Dube of Lower Gwelo Adventist Mission Church officiated their marriage. The marriage service was followed by two wedding celebrations. The first celebration was held in August at the bride’s home in Hanke area, while the second function was conducted in September in the Gunde area, at the retirement home of R.R.’s parents.⁶

After teaching for eight years, in 1956 R.R. was called to the gospel ministry to serve as a district pastor. That same year he was sent to Solusi College for ministerial training until 1957.⁷ Upon graduation, Southern Rhodesia Mission Field assigned him to work as departmental director for the lay activities (personal ministries and Sabbath School)⁸ and Missionary Volunteers (youth).⁹ During his tenure as Southern Rhodesia Mission Field MV (youth) leader, R.R. organized the first leadercraft camp in the union territory at Nyazura Mission in 1958. Here he taught MV honor classes on thatching.¹⁰

In those days most departmental directors depended on public transport for traveling from home to office and around the field territory. Alternatively, they cycled if they owned a bicycle. As R.R.’s wife, Daisy, recalls, in 1958 R.R. bought his first car, a Wolseley, for £18.¹¹ While still serving as a departmental director, he was ordained to the gospel ministry in 1960.

In 1961 the Zambesi Union (with office headquarters in Bulawayo) called him to serve as the union evangelist¹² and Missionary Volunteer department secretary. He replaced Aaron Habeenzu, who went on permanent return to Zambia because of ill health.¹³ In this new responsibility R.R. worked closely with W. R. Zork and with F. G. Reid, the union president. From the two ministers he gained valuable experience that helped him later in his ministry. Then from 1961to 1962 he became part of a selected group of pastors who attended the first two African division leadership course at Solusi College. Thereafter he was appointed to serve as the Solusi College church pastor. Daisy was assigned to work as cashier in the college business office, under Naison Siwardi, the chief accountant.¹⁴

Later the “Advent movement” took him back to the Zambesi Union to serve as stewardship departmental secretary from 1967 to 1970.¹⁵ The then union president, Fred G. Thomas, wrote, “Pastor R. Ndhlovu has proved to be a strong leader in the stewardship and church development department.” After R. R. Ndhlovu bought his second car, an Opel, his wife became one of the first black women in Zimbabwe to obtain a driver’s license. She worked in the duplicating room, becoming the first black woman to hold such a “prestigious job” in the union office. Although she was not allowed to join her white colleagues, who used a heater to warm themselves during cold winter days, Daisy did not allow discrimination to discourage her from serving her Lord in a highly committed manner.¹⁶

His Early Years as a Church Administrator (1970–1985)

In 1970, during the Zambesi Union year-end constituency session, R. R. Ndhlovu was appointed to serve as president for the Matabeleland-Midlands Field, which covered the southern and central provinces of Zimbabwe.¹⁷ Its offices were situated at Lower Gwelo, 164 kilometers (102 miles) north of Bulawayo. As a church administrator he committed himself to give fair treatment to all church employees, regardless of the tribe they belonged to.

In his position he was required to submit quarterly reports to the union president. In spite of his hard work and faithfulness, reports from his office were not impressive. After receiving a strong warning letter from the union president, he conducted a thorough investigation in order to determine the root cause of this problem. The truth was uncovered. A few pastors who wanted his position worked with his secretary to alter figures in the reports that he submitted to the union. The situation changed when he hired a new secretary.

Nevertheless, more work-related problems came from his fellow administrator, the field secretary-treasurer. This colleague worked behind his back and made important decisions without consulting or informing R.R. who was the president. On one occasion this colleague changed the time that office employees reported for work without the knowledge of the field president, which made R.R. to report “late” for work. Many similar attempts were made by some employees to discredit the president’s good work. “Trusting solely in the Lord,” as R.R. revealed to the author in friendly chats held between 1992 and 1995 while they served together, “I managed to work against the current until I received a transfer ten years later.”

Meanwhile, the Trans-Africa Division (TAD), whose offices were situated in Harare, appointed R. R. Ndhlovu to serve as a division field secretary from 1981to 1985.¹⁸ Soon after his appointment, he received the following welcoming letter from the then division president:

Dear Elder Ndhlovu,

This letter is an official welcome to you as the field secretary for the TAD.

We are thrilled that you have accepted this invitation and we trust that you will begin to make the necessary plans, working directly with Harold Iles, assistant treasurer here in the TAD office, for your move. We hope you can be moved into Salisbury at the very latest by the end of January 1981.

When you are settled in your new home, the four of us, as officers, should visit together, outlining your responsibilities.

Please know that I am here to assist you in every way possible. It is great to know we are going to be teamed side by side.

Sincerely, your friend,
Kenneth J. Mittleider
President.¹⁹

Later the division territory was realigned to include all southern and eastern African countries, but excluding South Africa, and adopted a new name—Eastern Africa Division (EAD). R.R. continued to serve in the same position. As division field secretary, he served as a member of different committees, including the sustentation (retirement) committee, the policy revision committee, and as chair of the orthodontic board. He also coordinated the planning of division midyear and year-end committee meetings.

Sometime later the division president sent him to represent the division at a Cape Conference session in South Africa. This was the first time the division officers assigned a black man to represent them at an all-white conference session. On arrival, the conference officers phoned the division president to request him to immediately have R.R. replaced with a white man because a black man would not be accepted by a majority of the delegates. Mittleider turned the request down. After a long telephone debate, the conference officers submitted to the authority of the division president. According to R.R.’s assessment, as he later expressed to the author, he participated in the session proceedings exceptionally well.

During the same period, R. R. Ndhlovu was asked to represent the division officers at a big convention that was organized for two African divisions (Eastern Africa and Africa-Indian Ocean divisions) in Nairobi, Kenya. The executive secretary of hosting division (EAD), D. J. Sandstrom, wrote a letter to Solomon Wolde-Endreas, who was coordinating the event. The letter read in part, “You will be well served by Elder R. R. Ndhlovu . . . our people and workers there will become acquainted with the fine qualities of this general field secretary of our division.”²⁰

Serving as the Zambesi Union President (1985–1995)

After his tenure at the division office, R.R. was appointed to serve as the first indigenous president of the Zambesi Union Mission from 1985–1995.²¹ He took over from Carl Currie, an experienced, dynamic expatriate leader, whose enthusiasm and influence was felt at every level of the church in Zimbabwe. His “shoes” were just too big for R. R. Ndhlovu to wear. As he received the news of his appointment, R.R. exclaimed, “Thanks be to God, who never leaves His work in human hands!” Thus, through the enabling hand of the Lord, R.R. assumed his new responsibility with courage, confidence, and faithfulness.

R.R. was a compassionate leader. One morning the author received sad news about the death of an old widow whose husband had served as a pioneer literature evangelist in Rusape (the author’s home area), about five hundred kilometers (310 miles) from the union office in Bulawayo. Without wasting time, R.R. proposed that they drive to the funeral early the following morning. His message and presence at the funeral gave hope and comfort to the bereaved family members.²²

During his tenure as Zambezi Union president, R.R. worked very closely with Jacob Mahlangu (current president of Swaziland Conference), who was the union tentmaster at that time. Mahlangu took the evangelistic tent wherever it was needed for evangelism. When interviewed by the author, Mahlangu had this to say about R.R.:

Pastor Ndhlovu was a great soul winner. He believed and taught Total Member Involvement. Before conducting an evangelistic campaign, he would send Global Mission pioneers to prepare the ground with the help of local church members. He encouraged district pastors to turn camp meetings into springboards for evangelism by urging campers to invite and host non-Adventist visitors. Whenever he visited other people’s campaigns, he always assisted the main preacher in making altar calls.²³

R. R. Ndhlovu’s Involvement With the Officials of the Government of Zimbabwe

R. R. Ndhlovu loved to visit government officials on a pastoral level, especially those who were nominal members of the church. From time to time he visited the home and office of Judge Simbarashe Muchechetere of the Zimbabwe Supreme Court, a pastor’s son who no longer attended church services. Years later when the church had a court case, Judge Muchechetere gave valuable advice on how to handle the case. When this judge fell sick, R.R. invited him to the division office in Harare, where all three division officers prayed for him. Not long after that, the judge died.²⁴

When R.R. moved to the division office again, he developed strong ties with John Nkomo, who served as the vice president of the republic of Zimbabwe between 2009 and 2013. Nkomo was a nominal Adventist who had previously taught in Adventist schools before he joined politics. As a result of their friendship, Nkomo gave strong support to the church whenever it faced challenges. Behind the scenes Nkomo played a pivotal role to help Solusi University get a government charter. In recognition of his contribution to the church, Solusi University awarded Nkomo an honorary doctoral degree in business administration and development in 2007.²⁵

Also, at one time political elections were scheduled to be held on a Saturday. That year the government authorities in Beit Bridge (the border town between Zimbabwe and South Africa) stationed one of the polling stations on the campus of an Adventist school where there was also an Adventist church. When local church elders requested for the polling station to be moved away from the school campus, local government authorities accused them of supporting the opposition party. According to Moses N. Msimanga, when John Nkomo was contacted, he phoned the provincial administrator and instructed him to move the voting booth several kilometers away from that school.²⁶

Other notable government persons that R. R. Ndhlovu closely worked with were Cyril Ndebele, who served as speaker of national parliament; Tarisayi Ziyambi, a cabinet minister; Mark Dube, Angeline Masuku, and Hebert Mahlaba, who served as provincial governors; and Major General Jevan Maseko, an ambassador and provincial governor. Later General Maseko was baptized into the Seventh-day Adventist Church.²⁷

R.R. had a passion for prison ministry, too. During the Zimbabwe liberation struggle he regularly visited Samuel Sipepa Nkomo, a political prisoner who was in a maximum prison in Harare. This man was a nominal Adventist. As a result of visits and Bible studies from R. R. Ndhlovu, he got baptized while still in prison. After Zimbabwe’s independence, S. S. Nkomo became a link to many government offices while he headed the powerful government parastatal, the Mining Pension Fund. Later he served as a minister of Water Affairs.²⁸

During his tenure as Zimbabwe Union president, R.R. bailed the division out of a very complex situation. The division started to experience challenges in obtaining work permits for its expatriate employees. This was triggered by some of the local employees who fed the immigration office with negative information regarding the employment policies of the division. They reported that expatriate workers disadvantaged potential locals who wished to work for the division. This made it difficult for new foreign employees to be granted work permits, as well as facing difficulties in extending the work permits for expatriate employees who were already working at the division office.

The division requested R. R. Ndhlovu to assume the responsibility of applying for International Service Employees’ permits. Without wasting time, he made an appointment with senior immigration officers in order to get acquainted with them. After briefing them on how the Seventh-day Adventist Church is structured, he invited them to go with him on a church-sponsored tour of some of the church’s major institutions.

On that tour they visited all the institutions that employed expatriates, such as Anderson High School, Gweru Dental Clinic, Bulawayo Adventist Dental Practice, the Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) country office in Bulawayo, and Solusi University. The trip ended with the orthodontic practice and the division offices in Harare. At each institution R.R. explained clearly the reason for hiring expatriates. For instance, the ADRA office was headed by a white person because at that time the donor countries gave more support to NGOs that were headed by white people. At Solusi University he explained that the institution served the whole SADC and Eastern African region. It was run with funds from each of the countries in those regions. This made it necessary for the funding countries to be represented in the staff complement, hence the need for work permits.

As the author recalls, this tour helped to address all the concerns that the immigration department had against the division office. They ended up asking, “How many expatriate employees do you need countrywide?” They continued, “Pastor Ndhlovu, do not bother yourself coming to our office to submit applications. Your signature is enough. Simply send a messenger. We are going to open a file for the Seventh-day Adventist Church which will inform those who will come after us.” At the end of that meeting they assigned a very large quota of expatriate position slots to the division office. The division was given permission to bring expatriates up to that quota without facing any challenges. The arrangement worked until the division moved to South Africa in 2007.

During R.R.’s term of office as union president, the following happened:

• Church membership grew from 85,857 in 1986 to 206,543 by December 1994.

• Solusi Adventist Vocational School (SAVS) was established and relocated from the Solusi University campus between 1986 and 1989. The union raised $430,000 out of a total amount of $1,890,000 that was needed to construct the new school.  

• Gweru Dental Clinic was opened in 1995.

• Queen Elizabeth Children’s Home in Bulawayo was acquired in 1987, with V. Magagula serving as the first matron and Gloria Pierson the administrator.

• The first Literature Ministry Training Center in Southern Africa was established in Bulawayo. O. T. Gutu was the first to serve as director of the center.

• Seven rural clinics were constructed by ADRA between 1985 and 1993.

• Many village chapels were constructed from 1987 to1992.

• Advanced-level education was granted at Nyazura Adventist High School.

• Many boreholes were drilled by ADRA throughout Zimbabwe.

• A unionwide church administrative officers’ tour to the Bible lands was spearheaded in 1995.

• The Zambesi Conference (previously created to serve white and Coloured families) was dissolved.

• All three fields in Zimbabwe (Western, Central, and Eastern) attained conference status in 1993.

• Solusi University was accredited by the government of Zimbabwe.

In recognition of R. R. Ndhlovu’s contribution to the advancement of God’s work in Zimbabwe, Solusi University conferred on him an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree in 1995.

His Final Service at the Division, the Road Accident, and His Death (1995–2000)

In 1995 R. R. Ndhlovu was appointed to serve as vice president of the Eastern Africa Division, a position he held until his death on April 19, 2000. His duties included chairing the ADRA board, Botswana Affairs committee, education board, and the Seventh-day Adventist Association of Southern Africa board. He also continued with the responsibility of applying for interdivision and interunion workers’ permits.²⁹

According to the obituary read at his funeral service by Jean Mabuto, one of the division associate treasurers, out of R. R. Ndhlovu’s 49 years of service in the church, thirty were spent in administrative responsibilities. He distinguished himself as an able, patient, loving, diligent, and committed leader, whose warm and humane attitude made it a joy for others to work with him. Those who worked with R. R. Ndhlovu regarded him as a loving, caring, and supportive father.

R. R. Ndhlovu’s death came as a result of a car accident that took place on March 17, 2000, at 5:20 p.m., in Botswana while traveling on duty.  While R.R. sustained serious injuries, the driver of the vehicle and two other passengers who were with him escaped unhurt. The division flew him to Harare, where he was admitted in Avenues Clinic, a private hospital. In spite of all the efforts applied by the doctors to save his life, he went to his rest on April 19, 2000, at 6:30 p.m., eight days before he turned 73 years of age.

His obituary read in part: “His Christian virtues won him close friends throughout the division [in Eritrea, Ethiopia, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, and Botswana]. There is no doubt that he served his church with distinction, total commitment, and undivided loyalty.”³⁰

After the funeral service in Pelandaba SDA Church, Bulawayo, R.R. was buried at Solusi University cemetery. He was survived by his wife, Daisy; his only son, Precious (who was also a pastor in West Zimbabwe Conference); and grandchildren.

R. R. Ndhlovu’s Legacy

R. R. Ndhlovu will always be remembered for the following personal virtues:

• A good timekeeper: he was always ahead of time for any appointment. Whenever he offered to pick someone from his house, he will be found standing by the gate 10 minutes before the appointed time. For long trips he started off early enough to allow for police roadblocks, flat tires, accidents, or any other eventuality along the way.

• Daisy recalls R.R.’s favorite songs: “In a Little While We Are Going Home,” and “I’m Pressing on the Upward Way.”

• Mingling with people: R.R. mingled with both the low and the high classes. He loved to use the term “Ngwalabezi” (the big one), when he greeted people of rank.

• A passion for evangelism. From his early years in ministry he conducted, without fail, a campaign every year, such as the campaign he conducted in Chingola, Northern Rhodesia, in 1963.³¹ Before his death he acquired a lot of evangelism equipment that he wanted to use during his retirement.

• His firm handshake: he had a big and strong handshake that was accompanied by a smile.

• His preferred sitting place: he loved to occupy the front seat during official gatherings.

• His passion for farming: he used his spare times to work in his garden, which provided most of the family vegetables.

It is the author’s firm belief that by God’s grace, when Jesus comes the second time, the faithful saints of the ages, R. R. Ndhlovu included, will be gathered together to receive the gift of eternal life. In the meantime, we must join hands to do what R.R. knew best, “mission,” until the glorious return of the Master.

Sources

Dry, John M. “1959 Youth Congress.” Southern African Division Outlook, November 15, 1959.

———. “Zambesi Union: Here Am I.” Southern African Division Outlook, March 15, 1960.

Eastern Africa Division Quinquennial Council, November 6, 1985, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

Editors. “Reporting on . . . People and Events.” Trans-Africa Division Outlook, March 15, 1967.

Mittleider, Kenneth J. “Letter to R. R. Ndhlovu.” December 4, 1980. Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

Ndhlovu, Reward. “Campaign in Chingola.” Southern African Division Outlook, July 15, 1963.

———. “Evangelism in Southern Rhodesia.” Southern African Division Outlook, August 15, 1961.

———. “Zambesi Union: Takoma Park Leadercraft Camp.” Southern African Division Outlook, November 15, 1958.

Ndhlovu, Reward R. “Unpublished Obituary.” 2000. Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

Ndhlovu, Reward Register. “Employee Service Record.” Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

———. “Employee Service Record, 2000.” Secretariat Archives. Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division Secretariat.

Raelly, L. D. L. D. Raelly to R. R. Ndhlovu. November 13, 1995. Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

Reid, F. G. “Report of the Zambesi Union.” Southern African Division Outlook, February 15, 1963.

Sandstrom, D. J. D. J. Sandstorm to Solomon Wolde-Endreas. April 10, 1984. Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

Trans-Africa Division Committee minutes, November 6, 1980, 24, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.

Notes

1. Mrs. Daisy Ndhlovu, interview by the author, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, March 2, 2016.↩

2. Ibid.↩

3. Ibid.↩

4. Ibid.↩

5. Reward Register Ndhlovu, “Employee Service Record,”, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division, January 1, 1948–December 31, 1998.↩

6. Mrs. Daisy Ndhlovu, interview by the author, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, March 2, 2016.↩

7. Reward Register Ndhlovu, “Employee Service Record, 2000,” Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.↩

8. John M. Dry, “Zambesi Union: Here Am I,” Southern African Division Outlook, March 15, 1960, 7.↩

9. John Dry, “1959 Youth Congress,” Southern African Division Outlook, November 15, 1959, 4, 5, 8.↩

10. Reward Ndhlovu, “Zambesi Union: Takoma Park Leadercraft Camp,” Southern African Division Outlook, November 15, 1958, 8, 9.↩

11. Mrs. Daisy Ndhlovu, interview by the author, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, March 2, 2016.↩

12. Reward Ndhlovu, “Evangelism in Southern Rhodesia,” Southern African Division Outlook, August 15, 1961, 10.↩

13. F. G. Reid, “Report of the Zambesi Union,” Southern African Division Outlook, February 15, 1963, 15.↩

14. Mrs. Daisy Ndhlovu, interview by the author, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, March 2, 2016.↩

15. Editors, “Reporting on . . . People and Events,” Trans-Africa Division Outlook, March 15, 1967, 11.↩

16. Mrs. Daisy Ndhlovu, interview by the author, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, March 2, 2016.↩

17. Reward Register Ndhlovu, “Employee Service Record, 2000.”↩

18. Trans-Africa Division Committee minutes, November 6, 1980, 24, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.↩

19. Kenneth J. Mittleider, “Letter to R. R. Ndhlovu,” December 4, 1980, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division, accessed July 3, 2019.↩

20. D. J. Sandstrom to Solomon Wolde-Endreas, April 10, 1984, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.↩

21. Eastern Africa Division Quinquennial Council, November 6, 1985, 11, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.↩

22. The author recalls another anecdote with Elder Ndhlovu. As an administrator, R. R. Ndhlovu was always well groomed, and he expected everyone in the office to follow his example in that regard. When the author was appointed to serve as stewardship department director for the union, R.R. called him into his office and spoke kindly but firmly against the beard he was wearing. The author’s excuse was that he reacted badly to facial shaving. “Huge pimples covered my face each time I tried,” he said. But the following morning the author shaved against his will, and applied the after-shave treatment, or “antidote,” that was prescribed to him. It worked! The author has been clean shaven since that day.↩

23. Jacob Mahlangu, interview by the author, Victoria Falls Town, Zimbabwe, March 8, 2019.↩

24. Moses Nceku Msimanga, interview by the author, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, March 2, 2016.↩

25. Ibid.↩

26. Ibid.↩

27. Ibid.↩

28. Ibid.↩

29. L. D. Raelly to R. R. Ndhlovu, November 13, 1995, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.↩

30. Reward R. Ndhlovu, “Unpublished Obituary,” 2000, Secretariat Archives, Southern Africa-Indian Ocean Division.↩

31. Reward Ndhlovu, “Campaign in Chingola,” Southern African Division Outlook, July 15, 1963, 8.↩